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S.L.NO. TOPIC PAGE NO
1 INTRODUCTION 1
2 PROBLEM DEFINITION 2
3 OBJECTIVES OF THE PROIECT 3
4 SYSTEM ANALYSIS 4
5 IDENTIFICATION OF NEED 5
6 PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION 6
7 RESULT OF OBSERVATION OF THE SYSTEM 7
8 Entity relationship diagram 10
9 NUMBER OF MODULES AND THEIR description 12
10 FEASIBILITY STUDY 14
11 SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PARADIGM used 17
12 DESCRIPTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE PROJECT 18
13 SYSTEM DESIGN
14 DATA STRUCTURES / TABLE STRUCTURES 28 1
15 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENT SPECIFICATION 31

SL NO TOPIC PAGE NO.
16 PROCESS LOGIC 33
17 MAINTENANCE OF PROPOSED SOFTWARE DESI6N 34

18 TESTING TECHNIQUES AND TESTING STRATEGIES APPLIED IN THIS PROPOSED SYSTEM
36
19 Objectives of software Testing 37
20 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 39
21 VALIDATION CHECKING 40
22 SECURITY 43
23 USER MANUAL 44


INTRODUCTION

As we are aware of the fact that our life is becoming very fast day by day. Here computer is the most important things that helps us to make human life fast. One computer can do the work of hundreds or thousands people alone. At the same time a computer does the computational work efficiently and correctly. In almost every sphere of our life such as Govt, and Private Office, Business place, Store House, School, College and various organizations are interested to make their system as computerized system. The Library Management system is that can be bringing under computerized system.

Library Management System is a menu driven software package. It is a computerized system of the manual job to perform the transactions of a Library. The system keeps track of every transaction of the Library through Book Enquiry, Member Enquiry, New Registrations and Financial aspects like total deposit, total price of books bought and cost for book binding.

The main feature of this package is that it is user friendly. It requires less maintenance. The low level of complexity and high level of flexibility makes it more attractive to its user. Moreover easy availability and low cost requirements of the software and hardware used to develop makes the system user friendly.

LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM





PROBLEM DEFINITION


1. EXISTING SYSTEM:
The existing system is a manual one. Different records are maintained for different transactions of the Library. When a new transaction takes place, the Librarian staff enters the details of the transactions in a new file depending upon the type of the transaction. The staffs have to maintain different type of operation like keeping details of the members i.e. General member as well as Student, detail records of books, keeping track of members newly registered moreover financial transactions like income and expenditure for the period. The reports are generated time to time for various operations; these should also be produced to the higher authority in timely manner. The information regarding the system needs interaction and presentation at regular intervals of time.


2. PROBLEMS WITH THE EXISTING SYSTEM:
Since the system is a manual one, the new transactions become time consuming. The procedure of modification and deletion with the new transaction requires much interaction with the system. Those records may already be in use at some level of processing. This causes delay in the process.
The lack of availability of information in the same manner between different modules of the system slows the whole process. The lack of coordination of the staffs and procedures in a horizontal manner can a/so speed down the whole process, which requires more or less uninterrupted flow of information.


3. NEED FOR COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM
A computerized system is needed mainly because of the lack of speed in the manual system. Computerized system provides speed with accuracy. The new transaction entries can be made instantly. The modification and deletion of records regarding the transaction can be done in no time. The new system will not only make modification and new transaction faster but also speedup the report generation. The generation of reports will become time effective and the scope of generation will also increase. The information flow will become faster. The transparency level will also increase. The coordination between different modules will also increase. The manpower and the paper work needed for maintaining the operation of the Library will be reduced by the introduction of the computerized system.




LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT


There is a proper coordination between the different modules of the system. Manually it is very tedious to keep all the required information.
User Interface of this project is Menu driven based on Graphical User Interface (GUI).
1. Facility of Personnel: Manually maintaining of various records is very laborious both mentally and physically to the employee. So servicing may be hindered time to time. But here this problem is totally avoided.
2. Data Accuracy: As this is a computerized system, the computer handles all the valuable data. So there is a rare chance of wrong posting of data in database unless the end user does the mistake. Input device is designed to get confirmation of each transaction at least once.
3. Reducing Desk Job: Verification of data is done at the point of entry in database, which reduces the desktop job of the Library.

Some of the important objectives of the project are enumerated below:
Data Storage, Retrieve, Update, Delete and display of the records of the Library can be done very quickly and effectively.


SYSTEM ANALYSIS

System Analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts, diagnosing problem and using the information to recommend improvement to the system. In brief, we can say that analysis specifies what the system should do. System analysis is thus a management technique, which helps in designing a new system or improving an existing system.

System Analysis takes in to consideration the fallowings:
❖ Types of Output Concerned: The objectives or goals are to be determined at first. This is achieved by determining the outputs that the system is supposed to generate. This helps to find out the purpose of the proposed system. This makes a clear understanding of the aim for which a system is to be approached for development. The objectives are however identified in terms of needs. Needs are the actual determinants of the output of the system^
❖ Types of inputs Concerned: Based on the output needed to be generated by the project inputs needed for the projects are determined. Inputs also depend on constraint like accuracy, correctness and timeliness etc. all these considerations help to determine the necessary inputs to be feed into the system for processing.
❖ Types of Storage Concerned: Types of storages are also needed to be determined as they are the most important point taken into consideration. Different systems have different types of storages. Database systems or file systems are generally used for storing data concerned with the system.
❖ Types of Processing Concerned: This deals with the procedures needed to develop the system and also how these procedures are to be implemented. It involves the logical steps involved for the development of the system.



LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM



IDENTIFICATION OF NEED

Identification of needs is generally concerned with the user's requirements and expectations from the system. Systems can be classified under two categories: Manual and Computerized. It is obvious that in most cases computerized systems are more capable and beneficial than manual system due to their faster responses and quick and fast processing capabilities. Thus in most cases manual systems are concerned with their transformations into computerized ones. In other cases computerized systems are concerned with more betterment of their existing system. Whatever may be the reason there must be some expectation of the users from the new system to be developed. These expectations are from the identification of needs for the project.


The following are the needs for the development of the proposed system:
 Faster performance of calculations and safe storage of records for later needs.
 Faster Updates and Modifications of the existing records.
 Presentations in ordered and well-structured format.
 Secured storage and retrieval of data.

LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM


PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION



Analysis working on the preliminary should accomplish the following objectives:
❖ Benefits to be provided by the system: Here the system replaces a manual system of maintenance of member details, book details and monetary transactions.
❖ Gathering Information: This deals with the gathering of information of the way the organizers are maintaining the above said records, their manuals if present or if they likely to public them for the development of the new system.
❖ Getting Knowledge of the project request: This is concerned with user's expectation from the system to be developed. This is however already covered in the "Identification of Need " section.
❖ Rough estimation of the costing for the system: This is concerned with an outline costing needed to develop the system as a system must not only be work effective but also must be cost effective to be developed and to be brought for usage.
❖ Feasibility of development: Based on all the information gathered the next step is to find out whether the project is suitable for development, whether the project could be developed or not under the circumstances planed for its development.





LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM



To maintain the simplicity of the entire Entity Relationship Diagram the attributes are not given in the figure. Thev are listed as follows:


































Book = {ACC NO, DEPT_CODE, BOOK_NAME, AUTHOR, PUBLISHER, PRICE, AVAIL, GID_SID, DATE_OF_ISSUE, DUE_DATE, FINE, BINDING, | EXTRA, E_DATE}





Configuration = {CID, PASSWORD, G_DEPOSIT, G_FEE, G_MAX_BOOK, G_MAX_DAY_BOOK, G_FINE, G_MAX_FINE, G_LAST, S_DEPOSIT, S_FEE, S_MAX_BOOK, S_MAX_DAY_BOOK, S_FINE, S_MAX_FINE, S_LAST, LAST_MODIFIED, LAST_ACCESSED, L_NAME, G_TOTAL, S_TOTAL, PASSWORD1}







Department = {CODE, DEPT_NAME, NO_OF_BOOKS, AVAIL, DEPT_LAST}




Financial = {FID. YEAR, MONTH, CREDIT, DEBIT, PROFIT, NO_OF_BOOKS, BOUGHT, NO_OF_BINDING, BINDING, MEMBER, DEPOSIT, MONTHLY_PAY, FINE, DONATION}



General = {GID. FN, MN, LN, DATE_OF_BIRTH, SEX, TEL_NO, MOBILE, EMAIL, OCCUPATION, BUILDING_ROAD, VILL_CITY, DIST, P_0, PIN, DUE, NO_OF_BOOKS, FORM_NO}





Student = {SID, FN, MN, LN, DATE_OF_BIRTH, SEX, FATHER_NAME, INST_NAME, l_ID, TEL_NO, MOBILE, EMAIL, BUILDING_ROAD, VILL_CITY, P_0, DIST, PIN, DUE, NO_OF_BOOKS, FORM_NO}





LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

NUMBER OF MODULES AND THEIR DESCRIPTIONS


The various modules used in the projects are:
 Main Menu: This module deals with a number of options like Library Rules, Reception, Member Enquiry, New Registration, New Books, Finance, and Configuration. User can choose any of the options from Main Menu.
 Reception: This module deals with the Issue, Reissue and Return of Books. This Module gives the current status of the member i.e. the No. Of Books the member is presently holding, Due Amount and Due Date.
 General Enquiry: This module is concerned with the records of the General members. The main information that the module deals with are: Personal Records like Name of the member, Date of Birth, Sex, Occupation, Mobile and Telephone Number. Also Present and Permanent address in details.
 Student Enquiry: The main information that the module deals with are: Personal Records like Name of the member, Date of Birth, Sex, Father's Name, Institution Name, Mobile and Telephone Numbers. Also Present and Permanent address in details. The main operations that can be done are Show, Refresh, and Delete.
 New Registration: As the name suggests the module is associated with the registration of new members. Here the members are divided into two categories i.e. General and Student. For both the categories the registration forms have to be properly filled having unique Form No.
 New Books: The function of this module is also understandable by its name. For entry of new Books existing Department have to be chosen. For entry in the new Department the unique Department code must be given. Some of the information the module deals with are: Name of the book, Author, Publisher, Price, No. Of copies. There are also options to remove the damaged books. The books, which require Binding are, send to Binding shop. The Binding cost is calculated.

 Financial: This module deals with the financial transactions over the period. This module gives details of Total Credit, Total Debit and Profit. In the Credit Sections the information used are Total monthly incomes, Total Fine collected and in the Debit Sections there is Cost of Books bought and cost for binding books. Considering these two total profit is calculated.
 Configuration: This module gives the option to change the existing password. It also informs about the basic rules like Initial Deposit, Maximum book that can be issued to a member, Fine for book per day, Monthly Fees, Maximum day a book can be hold and Dues.


LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

FEASIBILITY STUDY

Feasibility is the determination of whether or not a project is worth doing. The process followed in making this determination is called a Feasibility study. This type of study determines if a project can or should be taken. Once it has been determined that a project is feasible, the analyst can go ahead and prepare the project specification which finalizes project requirements.

In the conduct of the feasibility study, the analyst takes into consideration three important, distinct but inter-related types of feasibility. They are:
1. Economic Feasibility.
2. Technical Feasibility.
3. Operational Feasibility.

All projects are feasible - given unlimited resources and infinite time. Unfortunately, the development of a computer - based system or product is more likely plagued by a scarcity of resources and difficult (if not downright unrealistic) delivery dates. It is both necessary and prudent to evaluate the feasibility of a project at the earliest possible time.

PROPOSED PROJECT FEASIBILITY STUDY
Economic Feasibility: This deals with an evaluation of development cost weighed against the final income or benefit derived from the development of the proposed system.


The Trade offs involved under economic feasibility are:

* Cost Of development: With all the hardware and software provided by the vendors the development cost nears about 30,000 to 35,000 (including Hardware, Software, Books for references, library charges etc.). Selling of the software however does not depend upon the development cost, as the hardware and software bought and installed respectively for development purpose will remain with the developer for further development. Only depreciation costs are to be considered for them. Thus the selling cost of the proposed system could be considered around Rs. 18,000 to Rs. 22,000. This costing varies due to the provision for negation and also as at this initial phase of development this is a rough estimation of cost.






LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

 Cost for Maintenance after Implementation: Cost of maintenance is an important issue for the developer developing the system as well as for the organization using the system after development User friendliness is no doubt beneficial; provision of help file is also no doubt beneficial but the main thing to be taken into consideration is that whether the users are capable of using the system. If the users are new to the world of computers it will be tough for them to understand the workings of the system how much user friendly or well documented it is.
Thus the user training is always necessary and a fixed minimum amount of cost must be kept as provision for them. This cost effects the overall costing of the project depending upon the way the training is given. Maintenance cost thus plays an important role to the developer.

 Cost & profit ratio: Development of a system is much easier than convincing an organization to use it. Thus cost/profit analysis plays a very important role in determining the economic feasibility of a project. In this case the use of the software will definitely remove unnecessary staffs. This will help the organization through out. The organization thus only makes an investment to get a lifetime gain. Thus from the organization point of view there is less chance to reject the use or buying of the software. Selling the software will obviously increase the cost/profit ratio of the developer.

After a careful analysis of the Economic Feasibility it could be concluded that treating the project is "Economically Feasible" for development.

 Technical Feasibility: It deals with the study of functions; performance and constraints that may affect the ability to achieve an acceptable system. The following issues are taken under consideration.

 Availability of the necessary hardware for the development: The minimum hardware environment needed includes a Pentium 1 (any speed) processor, 32 MB RAM, 8 GB Hard Disk space and proper peripherals like Colored monitor, Keyboard and Mouse. Configuration lower than that stated above will also do but will provide degraded performance and may reduce the efficiency by increasing the query response time.
However, the proposed system is to be developed under a much higher hardware platform. Thus there is no question the project will face any technical problems during coding and




LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

testing phases. Thus, considering hardware availability it could be considered that the proposed system is technically feasible for development.

► Availability of the necessary software for the development: Many times problems arise due to the lack of availability of the software needed for the development of the project. The project requires Visual Basic .NET as the front-end tool and SQL Server 2000 as the Back-end tool. Visual Basic.NET is available in standard, professional and enterprise edition. The version differs on the basis of the features they provide and this is also affects their cost. However, the project can be developed under any version. The back-end SQL Server also has several versions based on the available features and cost. The selection of the version incorporates some alterations in the code. However it is not any major alteration.

The selection of the operating system also plays an important role. Alterations are needed accordingly on different operating systems if they behave differently under different operating systems. Here, the project is developed under Windows XP operating system, enterprise edition of Visual Basic.NET and personal version of SQL Server 2000. Thus considering the software feasibility under technical feasibility the development of the proposed system can be considered as feasible for development.

Operational Feasibility: a determination of any infringement, violation, or liability that could result from the development of the system. Operational feasibility also involves determination of the security and validations.

► The workings of the staff are reduced and made easier by the project. Not only that if the staffs are given proper training then it could also reduce unnecessary incorporation of staffs to perform comparative studies. Thus the project is well suited to overcome organizational restrictions.

Thus, considering the operational feasibility the development of the proposed system considered as operationally feasible for development.